Refine
Year of publication
- 2018 (4) (remove)
Document Type
- Working Paper (4) (remove)
Language
- English (4) (remove)
Has Fulltext
- yes (4)
Keywords
- Automation (1)
- Business Intelligence (1)
- Composite Materials (1)
- Data-Warehouse-Konzept (1)
- Electrostatic Precipitator (1)
- Lifetime Prediction (1)
- Material (1)
- Modeling (1)
- Multiaxial Fatigue (1)
- Optimization (1)
- Parallelization (1)
- Plywise Analysis (1)
- Referenzmodell (1)
- SAP (1)
- Standardisierung (1)
- Surrogates (1)
A pension system is resilient if it able to absorb external (temporal) shocks and if it is able to adapt to (longterm) shifts of the socio-economic environment. Defined benefit (DB) and defined contribution pension plans behave contrastingly with respect to capital market shocks and shifts: while DB-plan benefits are not affected by external shocks they totally lack adaptability with respect to fundamental changes; DC-plans automatically adjust to a changing environment but any external shock has a direct impact on the (expected) pensions. By adding a collective component to DC-plans one can make these collective DC (CDC)-plans shock absorbing - at least to a certain degree. In our CDC pension model we build a collective reserve of assets that serves as a buffer to capital market shocks, e.g. stock market crashes. The idea is to transfer money from the collective reserve to the individual pension accounts whenever capital markets slump and to feed the collective reserve whenever capital market are booming. This mechanism is particular valuable for age cohorts that are close to retirement. It is clear that withdrawing assets from or adding assets to the collective reserve is essentially a transfer of assets between the age cohorts. In our near reality model we investigate the effect of stock market shocks and interest rate (and mortality) shifts on a CDC- pension system. We are particularly interested in the question, to what extend a CDC-pension system is actually able to absorb shocks and whether the intergenerational transfer of assets via the collective reserve can be regarded as fair.
The availability of several CPU cores on current computers enables
parallelization and increases the computational power significantly.
Optimization algorithms have to be adapted to exploit these highly
parallelized systems and evaluate multiple candidate solutions in
each iteration. This issue is especially challenging for expensive
optimization problems, where surrogate models are employed to
reduce the load of objective function evaluations.
This paper compares different approaches for surrogate modelbased
optimization in parallel environments. Additionally, an easy
to use method, which was developed for an industrial project, is
proposed. All described algorithms are tested with a variety of
standard benchmark functions. Furthermore, they are applied to
a real-world engineering problem, the electrostatic precipitator
problem. Expensive computational fluid dynamics simulations are
required to estimate the performance of the precipitator. The task
is to optimize a gas-distribution system so that a desired velocity
distribution is achieved for the gas flow throughout the precipitator.
The vast amount of possible configurations leads to a complex
discrete valued optimization problem. The experiments indicate
that a hybrid approach works best, which proposes candidate solutions
based on different surrogate model-based infill criteria and
evolutionary operators.
In the present paper a calculation tool for the lifetime prediction of composite materials with focus on local multiaxial
stress states and different local stress ratios within each lamina is developed. The approach is based on repetitiv, progressive in-plane stress calculations using classical laminate theory with subsequent analysis of the material stressing effort and use of appropriate material degradation models. Therefore experimentally data of S-N curves are
used to generate anistropic constant life diagrams for a closer examination of critical fracture planes under any given combination of local stress ratios. The model is verified against various balanced angle plies and multi-directional
laminates with arbitrary stacking sequences and varying stress ratios throughout the analysis. Different sections of the
model, such as residual strength and residual stiffness, are examined and verified over a wide range of load cycles. The obtained results agree very well with the analyzed experimental data.
Architecural aproaches are considered to simplify the generation of re-usable building blocks in the field of data warehousing. While SAP’s Layer Scalable Architecure (LSA) offers a reference model for creating data warehousing infrastructure based on SAP software, extented reference models are needed to guide the integration of SAP and non-SAP tools. Therefore, SAP’s LSA is compared to the Data Warehouse Architectural Reference Model (DWARM), which aims to cover the classical data warehouse topologies.